Contributions
Abstract: EP1347
Type: E-Poster Presentation
Session title: Transfusion medicine
Background
Alloimmunization to antigens of red blood cells (RBC) can cause the development of post-transfusion complications and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Prevention of the emergence of alloantibodies during transfusion of blood components consists in the selection of RBC that are compatible with the recipient by phenotype. Since 2013, the Russian Federation has regulated the selection of RBC for all patients with diseases of the blood system for antigens ABO, RhD, C, c, E, c, K.
Aims
Determine the level of RBC alloimmunization of the healthy population (donors of blood components) and patients of the hematological hospital; to establish the value of donor selection for Rhesus antigens for the prevention of alloimmunization of recipients.
Methods
The analysis of the results of screening and identification of RBC antibodies was carried out in 2546 donors who first came to the blood center and 2729 patients who were first admitted to the hematology clinic in 2014-2020. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was diagnosed in 560 patients, acute leukemia (AL) - in 472, multiple myeloma (MM) - in 398, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) - in 188, aplastic anemia (AA) - in 100, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) - in 92, MDS - in 78, hemophilia - in 65, other hematological diseases - in 776. Immunohematological studies were performed using equipment and reagents from BioRad (USA).
Results
RBC alloantibodies were detected in 0.98% of blood donors: in 0.24% of men and in 1.69% of women (p <0.01). Alloantibodies were distributed according to specificity as follows: anti-D (0.27%) > -Lea (0.20%) > -DC (0.16%) > -CW(0.08%) > Jka (0.04%), -Jkb (0.04%), -Fya (0.04%), -M (0.04%), -S (0.04%), -P1 (0.04%).
Specific alloantibodies were diagnosed in 1.80% of hematological patients: in 1.26% of men, in 3.14% of women, and in 0.50% of children (p <0.01). Alloimmunization was established in 5.43% of patients with CML, in 4.62% - hemophilia, in 3.85% - MDS, in 2.75% - OL, in 1.76% - MM, 1.61% - NHL, 1.06% - CLL, 0% - AA, in 0.9% of patients with other blood diseases.
The scale of the occurrence of specific antibodies in patients is as follows: anti-E (0.26%) > -M (0.22%)> -K (0.18%) > -DC (0.15%), -Lea ( 0.15%) > -D (0.11%), -Jka (0.11%), -Lua (0.11%) > -C (0.07%), -c (0.07%), -Fya (0.07%), -S (0.07%), -Leb (0.07%) > -Jkb (0.04%), -CW (0.04%), -s (0.04%), -P1 (0.04%).
When comparing the data obtained with the results of our previous studies, a decrease in the level of alloimmunization of patients of the hematological clinic was found from 2.31% (in 2007 - 2013) to 1.80% (in 2014 - 2020), which is associated with the beginning of the mandatory selection of RBC for hematological patients for antigens C, c, E, c of the Rhesus system since 2014.
Conclusion
The frequency of detection of alloantibodies in patients of the hematology clinic remains high, twice as high as the level of alloimmunization in healthy individuals. Phenotypic selection of RBC is an effective method of preventing the formation of antibodies, which reduces the percentage of alloimmunization in hematological patients.
Keyword(s): Antibody, Red blood cell, Transfusion
Abstract: EP1347
Type: E-Poster Presentation
Session title: Transfusion medicine
Background
Alloimmunization to antigens of red blood cells (RBC) can cause the development of post-transfusion complications and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Prevention of the emergence of alloantibodies during transfusion of blood components consists in the selection of RBC that are compatible with the recipient by phenotype. Since 2013, the Russian Federation has regulated the selection of RBC for all patients with diseases of the blood system for antigens ABO, RhD, C, c, E, c, K.
Aims
Determine the level of RBC alloimmunization of the healthy population (donors of blood components) and patients of the hematological hospital; to establish the value of donor selection for Rhesus antigens for the prevention of alloimmunization of recipients.
Methods
The analysis of the results of screening and identification of RBC antibodies was carried out in 2546 donors who first came to the blood center and 2729 patients who were first admitted to the hematology clinic in 2014-2020. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was diagnosed in 560 patients, acute leukemia (AL) - in 472, multiple myeloma (MM) - in 398, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) - in 188, aplastic anemia (AA) - in 100, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) - in 92, MDS - in 78, hemophilia - in 65, other hematological diseases - in 776. Immunohematological studies were performed using equipment and reagents from BioRad (USA).
Results
RBC alloantibodies were detected in 0.98% of blood donors: in 0.24% of men and in 1.69% of women (p <0.01). Alloantibodies were distributed according to specificity as follows: anti-D (0.27%) > -Lea (0.20%) > -DC (0.16%) > -CW(0.08%) > Jka (0.04%), -Jkb (0.04%), -Fya (0.04%), -M (0.04%), -S (0.04%), -P1 (0.04%).
Specific alloantibodies were diagnosed in 1.80% of hematological patients: in 1.26% of men, in 3.14% of women, and in 0.50% of children (p <0.01). Alloimmunization was established in 5.43% of patients with CML, in 4.62% - hemophilia, in 3.85% - MDS, in 2.75% - OL, in 1.76% - MM, 1.61% - NHL, 1.06% - CLL, 0% - AA, in 0.9% of patients with other blood diseases.
The scale of the occurrence of specific antibodies in patients is as follows: anti-E (0.26%) > -M (0.22%)> -K (0.18%) > -DC (0.15%), -Lea ( 0.15%) > -D (0.11%), -Jka (0.11%), -Lua (0.11%) > -C (0.07%), -c (0.07%), -Fya (0.07%), -S (0.07%), -Leb (0.07%) > -Jkb (0.04%), -CW (0.04%), -s (0.04%), -P1 (0.04%).
When comparing the data obtained with the results of our previous studies, a decrease in the level of alloimmunization of patients of the hematological clinic was found from 2.31% (in 2007 - 2013) to 1.80% (in 2014 - 2020), which is associated with the beginning of the mandatory selection of RBC for hematological patients for antigens C, c, E, c of the Rhesus system since 2014.
Conclusion
The frequency of detection of alloantibodies in patients of the hematology clinic remains high, twice as high as the level of alloimmunization in healthy individuals. Phenotypic selection of RBC is an effective method of preventing the formation of antibodies, which reduces the percentage of alloimmunization in hematological patients.
Keyword(s): Antibody, Red blood cell, Transfusion