DIETARY HABITS ACROSS THE LIFESPAN AND RISK OF MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE: A POPULATION-BASED SCREENING STUDY
(Abstract release date: 05/19/16)
EHA Library. Thordardottir M. 06/09/16; 134840; PB1940
Mrs. Marianna Thordardottir
Contributions
Contributions
Abstract
Abstract: PB1940
Type: Publication Only
Background
All multiple myeloma (MM) cases are preceded by the premalignant state, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The etiology of MGUS and MM is to a large extent unknown. However, researchers have found an elevated risk of MM to be associated with low occupation-based socioeconomic status, income, education, and high body mass index (BMI), indicating that lifestyle related factors, such as diet, may be important risk factors. Few studies on the effect of diet on MM have been conducted and the results have been inconclusive. No studies have been conducted on the effect of diet on MGUS.
Aims
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of high vs. low intake of fish, salted/smoked fish, fish oil, meat, salted/smoked meat, milk and milk products, fruits, vegetables, potatoes, rye bread, whole wheat bread, and oatmeal/muesli on MGUS and progression to MM.
Methods
This study was based on participants from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study (AGES-RS; N = 5,764; mean age = 77 years [range = 66 - 98]; 58% females), which is a continuation of the population-based Reykjavik Study (N = 30,795). AGES-RS was initiated in 2002 and ended in 2006. Participants in the AGES-RS provided retrospective information on dietary habits in adolescence (14 - 19 years), midlife (40 - 50 years), as well as at study baseline using a short food frequency questionnaire. Serum protein electrophoresis and free light chain analyses was performed on all subjects to identify MGUS and light chain-MGUS (LC-MGUS). They were followed prospectively until 2014 and information on MM diagnosis was collected through the Icelandic Cancer Registry. Logistic regression and Cox regression models were used to analyze risk of MGUS and MM, adjustments were made for age and sex.
Results
A total of 300 MGUS (5.2%) and 52 LC-MGUS (0.9%) cases were identified. We found that high consumption of fruits in adolescence and high consumption of whole wheat bread in midlife were inversely associated with MGUS (odds ratio (OR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52 - 0.97 and OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.59 - 1.00, respectively), and that high consumption of meat and rye bread in midlife were inversely associated with LC-MGUS (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.23 - 0.84 and OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.14 -0.78, respectively). Other food items did not have an effect on MGUS or LC-MGUS risk (Table 1). Additionally, in an analysis were MGUS and LC-MGUS were combined (cMGUS) we found that high consumption of rye bread and potatoes in both adolescence and midlife were inversely associated with cMGUS (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.55 - 0.95 and OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.45 - 0.96, respectively) when compared to individuals with low intake at both time points. A total of 18 individuals were diagnosed with MM during a mean follow-up of 8.2 years. We found an inverse association between high fruit intake in late life and progression to MM (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.30, 95% CI 0.11 - 0.82). Other food items did not have an effect on progression (Table 1).
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that certain dietary factors during adolescence and/or midlife might reduce risk of MGUS and LC-MGUS. Results regarding LC-MGUS should be interpreted with caution due to low statistical power. The findings also suggest that high late life intake of fruits might reduce the risk of progression to MM. The exact biological mechanism for these associations is not clear and more studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism for this finding.
Session topic: E-poster
Keyword(s): Epidemiology, MGUS, Multiple myeloma, Risk factor
Type: Publication Only
Background
All multiple myeloma (MM) cases are preceded by the premalignant state, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The etiology of MGUS and MM is to a large extent unknown. However, researchers have found an elevated risk of MM to be associated with low occupation-based socioeconomic status, income, education, and high body mass index (BMI), indicating that lifestyle related factors, such as diet, may be important risk factors. Few studies on the effect of diet on MM have been conducted and the results have been inconclusive. No studies have been conducted on the effect of diet on MGUS.
Aims
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of high vs. low intake of fish, salted/smoked fish, fish oil, meat, salted/smoked meat, milk and milk products, fruits, vegetables, potatoes, rye bread, whole wheat bread, and oatmeal/muesli on MGUS and progression to MM.
Methods
This study was based on participants from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study (AGES-RS; N = 5,764; mean age = 77 years [range = 66 - 98]; 58% females), which is a continuation of the population-based Reykjavik Study (N = 30,795). AGES-RS was initiated in 2002 and ended in 2006. Participants in the AGES-RS provided retrospective information on dietary habits in adolescence (14 - 19 years), midlife (40 - 50 years), as well as at study baseline using a short food frequency questionnaire. Serum protein electrophoresis and free light chain analyses was performed on all subjects to identify MGUS and light chain-MGUS (LC-MGUS). They were followed prospectively until 2014 and information on MM diagnosis was collected through the Icelandic Cancer Registry. Logistic regression and Cox regression models were used to analyze risk of MGUS and MM, adjustments were made for age and sex.
Results
A total of 300 MGUS (5.2%) and 52 LC-MGUS (0.9%) cases were identified. We found that high consumption of fruits in adolescence and high consumption of whole wheat bread in midlife were inversely associated with MGUS (odds ratio (OR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52 - 0.97 and OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.59 - 1.00, respectively), and that high consumption of meat and rye bread in midlife were inversely associated with LC-MGUS (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.23 - 0.84 and OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.14 -0.78, respectively). Other food items did not have an effect on MGUS or LC-MGUS risk (Table 1). Additionally, in an analysis were MGUS and LC-MGUS were combined (cMGUS) we found that high consumption of rye bread and potatoes in both adolescence and midlife were inversely associated with cMGUS (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.55 - 0.95 and OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.45 - 0.96, respectively) when compared to individuals with low intake at both time points. A total of 18 individuals were diagnosed with MM during a mean follow-up of 8.2 years. We found an inverse association between high fruit intake in late life and progression to MM (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.30, 95% CI 0.11 - 0.82). Other food items did not have an effect on progression (Table 1).
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that certain dietary factors during adolescence and/or midlife might reduce risk of MGUS and LC-MGUS. Results regarding LC-MGUS should be interpreted with caution due to low statistical power. The findings also suggest that high late life intake of fruits might reduce the risk of progression to MM. The exact biological mechanism for these associations is not clear and more studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism for this finding.
Session topic: E-poster
Keyword(s): Epidemiology, MGUS, Multiple myeloma, Risk factor
Abstract: PB1940
Type: Publication Only
Background
All multiple myeloma (MM) cases are preceded by the premalignant state, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The etiology of MGUS and MM is to a large extent unknown. However, researchers have found an elevated risk of MM to be associated with low occupation-based socioeconomic status, income, education, and high body mass index (BMI), indicating that lifestyle related factors, such as diet, may be important risk factors. Few studies on the effect of diet on MM have been conducted and the results have been inconclusive. No studies have been conducted on the effect of diet on MGUS.
Aims
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of high vs. low intake of fish, salted/smoked fish, fish oil, meat, salted/smoked meat, milk and milk products, fruits, vegetables, potatoes, rye bread, whole wheat bread, and oatmeal/muesli on MGUS and progression to MM.
Methods
This study was based on participants from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study (AGES-RS; N = 5,764; mean age = 77 years [range = 66 - 98]; 58% females), which is a continuation of the population-based Reykjavik Study (N = 30,795). AGES-RS was initiated in 2002 and ended in 2006. Participants in the AGES-RS provided retrospective information on dietary habits in adolescence (14 - 19 years), midlife (40 - 50 years), as well as at study baseline using a short food frequency questionnaire. Serum protein electrophoresis and free light chain analyses was performed on all subjects to identify MGUS and light chain-MGUS (LC-MGUS). They were followed prospectively until 2014 and information on MM diagnosis was collected through the Icelandic Cancer Registry. Logistic regression and Cox regression models were used to analyze risk of MGUS and MM, adjustments were made for age and sex.
Results
A total of 300 MGUS (5.2%) and 52 LC-MGUS (0.9%) cases were identified. We found that high consumption of fruits in adolescence and high consumption of whole wheat bread in midlife were inversely associated with MGUS (odds ratio (OR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52 - 0.97 and OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.59 - 1.00, respectively), and that high consumption of meat and rye bread in midlife were inversely associated with LC-MGUS (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.23 - 0.84 and OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.14 -0.78, respectively). Other food items did not have an effect on MGUS or LC-MGUS risk (Table 1). Additionally, in an analysis were MGUS and LC-MGUS were combined (cMGUS) we found that high consumption of rye bread and potatoes in both adolescence and midlife were inversely associated with cMGUS (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.55 - 0.95 and OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.45 - 0.96, respectively) when compared to individuals with low intake at both time points. A total of 18 individuals were diagnosed with MM during a mean follow-up of 8.2 years. We found an inverse association between high fruit intake in late life and progression to MM (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.30, 95% CI 0.11 - 0.82). Other food items did not have an effect on progression (Table 1).
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that certain dietary factors during adolescence and/or midlife might reduce risk of MGUS and LC-MGUS. Results regarding LC-MGUS should be interpreted with caution due to low statistical power. The findings also suggest that high late life intake of fruits might reduce the risk of progression to MM. The exact biological mechanism for these associations is not clear and more studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism for this finding.
Session topic: E-poster
Keyword(s): Epidemiology, MGUS, Multiple myeloma, Risk factor
Type: Publication Only
Background
All multiple myeloma (MM) cases are preceded by the premalignant state, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The etiology of MGUS and MM is to a large extent unknown. However, researchers have found an elevated risk of MM to be associated with low occupation-based socioeconomic status, income, education, and high body mass index (BMI), indicating that lifestyle related factors, such as diet, may be important risk factors. Few studies on the effect of diet on MM have been conducted and the results have been inconclusive. No studies have been conducted on the effect of diet on MGUS.
Aims
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of high vs. low intake of fish, salted/smoked fish, fish oil, meat, salted/smoked meat, milk and milk products, fruits, vegetables, potatoes, rye bread, whole wheat bread, and oatmeal/muesli on MGUS and progression to MM.
Methods
This study was based on participants from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study (AGES-RS; N = 5,764; mean age = 77 years [range = 66 - 98]; 58% females), which is a continuation of the population-based Reykjavik Study (N = 30,795). AGES-RS was initiated in 2002 and ended in 2006. Participants in the AGES-RS provided retrospective information on dietary habits in adolescence (14 - 19 years), midlife (40 - 50 years), as well as at study baseline using a short food frequency questionnaire. Serum protein electrophoresis and free light chain analyses was performed on all subjects to identify MGUS and light chain-MGUS (LC-MGUS). They were followed prospectively until 2014 and information on MM diagnosis was collected through the Icelandic Cancer Registry. Logistic regression and Cox regression models were used to analyze risk of MGUS and MM, adjustments were made for age and sex.
Results
A total of 300 MGUS (5.2%) and 52 LC-MGUS (0.9%) cases were identified. We found that high consumption of fruits in adolescence and high consumption of whole wheat bread in midlife were inversely associated with MGUS (odds ratio (OR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52 - 0.97 and OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.59 - 1.00, respectively), and that high consumption of meat and rye bread in midlife were inversely associated with LC-MGUS (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.23 - 0.84 and OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.14 -0.78, respectively). Other food items did not have an effect on MGUS or LC-MGUS risk (Table 1). Additionally, in an analysis were MGUS and LC-MGUS were combined (cMGUS) we found that high consumption of rye bread and potatoes in both adolescence and midlife were inversely associated with cMGUS (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.55 - 0.95 and OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.45 - 0.96, respectively) when compared to individuals with low intake at both time points. A total of 18 individuals were diagnosed with MM during a mean follow-up of 8.2 years. We found an inverse association between high fruit intake in late life and progression to MM (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.30, 95% CI 0.11 - 0.82). Other food items did not have an effect on progression (Table 1).
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that certain dietary factors during adolescence and/or midlife might reduce risk of MGUS and LC-MGUS. Results regarding LC-MGUS should be interpreted with caution due to low statistical power. The findings also suggest that high late life intake of fruits might reduce the risk of progression to MM. The exact biological mechanism for these associations is not clear and more studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism for this finding.
Session topic: E-poster
Keyword(s): Epidemiology, MGUS, Multiple myeloma, Risk factor
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