hematology
Contributions
Type: Publication Only
Background
The myelodysplastic syndrom (MDS) is a frequent entity in hematology. The clinical manifestations are characterized mainly by hemorrhagie, anemia or infection. An early diagnosis is essential in order to initiate an appropriate management to improve the prognosis of this affection.
Aims
The aim of our study is to report the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of patients with MDS.
Methods
This retrospective analysis included 114 patients with MDS who were treated and followed between 2005 and 2013.
Results
The sex ratio was 1.The median age was71 years with a range from 11 to 99 years. Three patients had a family history of hematological diseases, and two had a personal history of neoplasia treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The circumstances of discovery were an anemic syndrome, hemorrhagic syndrome and hemorrhagic syndrome in 68.7%, 5.2% and 2.6% of cases, respectively. The blood count showed anemia in 89.5% with VGM>100fl in 48.7 % of cases, thrombocytopenia in 61.4% of cases, and leukopenia in 24.3% of cases. The myelogram showed dyserythropoiesis, dysgranulopoiesis, dysmegacaryopoiesis in 44.3%, 65,2% and 44.3% of cases, respectively. The karyotype was normal in 75.4% and abnormal in the remaining cases. According to the latest WHO classification, refractory anemia, sideroblastic anemia, refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts type 2, 5q- syndrome, refractory cytopenia with multi line and unclassifiable in 26.4%, 7%, 22.4%, 20%, 1.7%, 2.6%, and 20%, respectively. According to the IPSS, patients were classified very low risk, low risk, intermediate risk, high risk and very high risk in 10%, 36%, 30%, 17% and 7%, respectively. The management was symptomatic with red blood cell transfusions in 66% of cases, platelet transfusion in 56% of cases. The MDS was stable in 51% of cases and transformed into acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 12, 3% of cases and only 5.26% of patients received chemotherapy. Only one patient aged 30years was underwent allograft of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and two patients received revlemid. The overall survival at 2 years was 59% and 48% at 5 years.
Summary
Specific treatment for the kind of MDS should be started early in order to improve the management and prognosis of these patients.
Keyword(s): Myelodysplasia, Prognosis, Therapy
Type: Publication Only
Background
The myelodysplastic syndrom (MDS) is a frequent entity in hematology. The clinical manifestations are characterized mainly by hemorrhagie, anemia or infection. An early diagnosis is essential in order to initiate an appropriate management to improve the prognosis of this affection.
Aims
The aim of our study is to report the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of patients with MDS.
Methods
This retrospective analysis included 114 patients with MDS who were treated and followed between 2005 and 2013.
Results
The sex ratio was 1.The median age was71 years with a range from 11 to 99 years. Three patients had a family history of hematological diseases, and two had a personal history of neoplasia treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The circumstances of discovery were an anemic syndrome, hemorrhagic syndrome and hemorrhagic syndrome in 68.7%, 5.2% and 2.6% of cases, respectively. The blood count showed anemia in 89.5% with VGM>100fl in 48.7 % of cases, thrombocytopenia in 61.4% of cases, and leukopenia in 24.3% of cases. The myelogram showed dyserythropoiesis, dysgranulopoiesis, dysmegacaryopoiesis in 44.3%, 65,2% and 44.3% of cases, respectively. The karyotype was normal in 75.4% and abnormal in the remaining cases. According to the latest WHO classification, refractory anemia, sideroblastic anemia, refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts type 2, 5q- syndrome, refractory cytopenia with multi line and unclassifiable in 26.4%, 7%, 22.4%, 20%, 1.7%, 2.6%, and 20%, respectively. According to the IPSS, patients were classified very low risk, low risk, intermediate risk, high risk and very high risk in 10%, 36%, 30%, 17% and 7%, respectively. The management was symptomatic with red blood cell transfusions in 66% of cases, platelet transfusion in 56% of cases. The MDS was stable in 51% of cases and transformed into acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 12, 3% of cases and only 5.26% of patients received chemotherapy. Only one patient aged 30years was underwent allograft of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and two patients received revlemid. The overall survival at 2 years was 59% and 48% at 5 years.
Summary
Specific treatment for the kind of MDS should be started early in order to improve the management and prognosis of these patients.
Keyword(s): Myelodysplasia, Prognosis, Therapy